He set his play elsewhere, in part, so he could make social commentary about England without incurring the wrath of English rulers. In Shakespeare’s Othello, for example, the setting is Italy, although Shakespeare was writing in England. Consider where the author’s story is placed and why the author made that decision. When and where a story takes place can be profoundly significant. At the end of The Outsiders, for example, you find out that the entire book was an essay for one of Ponyboy’s teachers, which makes the story seem more honest and real. Also consider who the narrator is addressing. In The Outsiders, the narrator is the character of Ponyboy Curtis and not the author, S.E. Consider the narrator’s personality and their role in the story. Other questions about context can stem from the story itself.
Knowing Tolkien fought in the Battle of Somme during World War I and that his closest friends were killed helps explain his sentiments about war.
For example, Tolkien’s The Lord of the Ringsis about a group of friends who embark on an epic journey and fight a great war. This can give insight into the author’s perspective and bias, as well as tell the reader what he might be commenting on. Research the author’s background and other work. But if they aren’t, use a brief summary to orient them.) Context (When you write your paper, you probably won’t include a summary because your readers will already be familiar with the work. Summaryīegin by summarizing the basic plot: “ Matilda by Roald Dahl is about a gifted little girl in small town America who learns to make things move with her mind and saves her teacher and school from the evil principal.” This will help ground you in the story. This handout will help you analyze a short story or novel-use it to form a thesis, or argument, for your essay. Depending on your assignment, you might argue about the work’s meaning or why it causes certain reader reactions. Remember that a literary analysis isn’t merely a summary or review, but rather an interpretation of the work and an argument about it based on the text. When analyzing a novel or short story, you’ll need to consider elements such as the context, setting, characters, plot, literary devices, and themes.
Literary analysis looks critically at a work of fiction in order to understand how the parts contribute to the whole.
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